How does retinal detachment lead to vision loss?

Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the underlying supportive tissue, which can significantly disrupt its function. The correct answer emphasizes that this detachment interferes with blood supply and retinal function. The retina relies on a steady supply of nutrients and oxygen, delivered by the choroid and retinal blood vessels. When it detaches, the blood supply to the affected area is compromised, leading to ischemia (lack of enough blood flow to meet the needs of tissue) and potentially causing retinal cells to die. This process can drastically affect visual information processing, resulting in vision loss.

In the context of the other options, damaging the optic nerve primarily pertains to conditions like glaucoma or traumatic injuries, rather than retinal detachment itself. Inflammation can occur due to various eye conditions, but it is not the primary mechanism through which retinal detachment leads to vision loss. While increased intraocular pressure is a critical factor in other ocular conditions, it is not a direct consequence of retinal detachment. Thus, the most accurate representation of the pathophysiology involved in retinal detachment and its impact on vision is how it disrupts blood supply and retinal function.