What condition involves an excessive outward curvature of the spine?

Kyphosis is characterized by an excessive outward curvature of the spine, leading to a hunched or rounded back. This condition can occur at any age but is often seen in older adults due to degenerative diseases of the spine, such as arthritis or osteoporosis, which can weaken the vertebrae and encourage an exaggerated forward bending.

The condition may result in discomfort, difficulty in maintaining balance, and even respiratory issues in severe cases due to reduced thoracic cavity space. Treatment options often include physical therapy, bracing, and in severe instances, surgical intervention to correct the curvature and relieve associated symptoms. Understanding kyphosis is essential in differentiating it from other spinal conditions, as it specifically pertains to the curvature that directs outward rather than inward or lateral.