What is Chlamydia primarily known to affect in both males and females?

Chlamydia is primarily known to affect the reproductive organs in both males and females. This sexually transmitted infection is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which commonly infects the cervix in females and the urethra in males.

In women, it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can cause long-term complications such as infertility and ectopic pregnancy if left untreated. In men, it can lead to complications such as epididymitis, which is the inflammation of the epididymis.

Chlamydia often presents with few or no symptoms, making regular screening particularly important for sexually active individuals to prevent complications associated with the infection. Thus, the primary impact of Chlamydia relates to the reproductive system, making it the correct focus for this question.